Nigeria servicing debt with more than 50% revenue – IMF

The International Monetary Fund on
Thursday painted the precarious situation of the nation’s economy in
particular and Sub-Saharan Africa’s, in general, going by how much the
country and the region spend on debt servicing.

According to the Breton Woods financial
institution, Nigeria spends more than 50 per cent of its revenues on
servicing debts, a situation that does not give room for other necessary
expenses.

Speaking at the presentation of the
Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa – Capital Flows and the
Future of Work in Abuja on Thursday, Senior Resident Representative and
Mission Chief for Nigeria, African Department, Amine Mati, put
Nigeria’s growth rate for 2018 at 1.9 per cent.

Mati said that although Nigeria’s debt
to Gross Domestic Product remained low at between 20 and 25 per cent,
the country spent a high proportion of its revenue on debt servicing as a
result of low revenue generation.

For Nigeria, he added, the debt
servicing to revenue ratio was more than 50 per cent while for
sub-Saharan Africa, the rate was about 10 per cent; a figure he said was
too high and reminiscent of what the region went through in the period
following debt relief at the beginning of the 21st century.

Mati said, “Security issues are exacting
a significant human toll in a number of countries. Debt to GDP ratio is
increasing in the past five years. Public debt is diverting more
resources towards debt servicing.

“The interest rate has gone up to where
they used to be around the year 2000 before the debt relief. The
adjustment has relied on spending compression rather than revenues
mobilisation. Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals will require
stronger growth and more financing.”

The IMF top-notch said that the
sub-region needed to create 20 million jobs every year and added that
the situation was even more precarious with the Fourth Industrial
Revolution lurking around.

“Policies are needed today to create
more jobs in the coming years. Twenty million jobs are required every
year in Sub-Saharan Africa to meet the SDGs. Job creation is complicated
by uncertainty to which technology replaces labour,” he said.

Speaking at the event, Director General
of the Debt Management Office, Patience Oniha, stated that it was
important for the government to borrow especially given the nation’s low
revenue generating capacity.

She contended that without sufficient
revenue and with the recession that the country found itself between
2016 and 2017, the government had no option but to borrow and spend the
country out of recession.

Oniha said, “We are borrowing to be able
to increase forex availability. The government needed to borrow in
order to spend the country out of recession.”

She disclosed that the government had
proposed to borrow N1.5tn in the 2019 fiscal year, adding that borrowing
had reduced as the nation was now out of recession.

Justifying this viewpoint, Oniha said
that in 2016, the Federal Government borrowed N2.5tn which was approved
by the National Assembly while it proposed to borrow N1.64tn in the
current financial year.

In 2019, she added, the proposed debt of
N1.5tn had gone further down. She added that the government had taken
steps to diversify the economy and increase tax collection which she
said was lower than in most countries of the Economic Community of West
African States.

The DMO boss differed with the opinion
of a questioner who argued that the infrastructure in the country had
been decaying despite increased borrowing in the last three years.

However, a Non-Governmental Organisation, Social Action, has berated the government for its inclination towards borrowing.

In a statement made available to our
correspondent in Abuja on Thursday, Head, National Advocacy Centre,
Social Action, Nigeria, Vivian Bellonwu-Okafor, said that the
inclination to borrow by the government showed cluelessness.

Bellonwu-Okafor said the recent
statement made by the Minister of Works, Power and Housing, Babatunde
Fashola that ‘those who complain that we (FG) borrow too much should
tell us where else to find funds’ was not only unfortunate but also a
glaring admission of cluelessness.

She said, “While it is distressing to
watch the country’s debt profile balloon into pre-2006 levels – before
the debt buyback deal when the Olusegun Obasanjo administration paid
$12bn to eliminate over $30bn then owed to the Paris Club of creditors –
it is disheartening that the Buhari government seems to be bereft of
ideas on what to do to generate revenue without resorting to excessive
borrowing.”